Light in the most distant quasars in space-time

European astronomers have spotted light from more distant "quasars" in the infant universe ever found, namely an ancient galaxy with a monstrous black hole at its center, surrounded by a
very luminous cloud of gas and shines with the brightness of 63 trillion Suns.
So far, the most distant quasars in spacetime that had been discovered, it is estimated that it emits radiation of 870 million years after the initial "Big Bang", which is estimated to have occurred before about 13.75 billion years. The new object creates a new record, because the light emitted 770 million years after "Big Bang", that is, oldest at 100 million years than the previous record and is located 12.9 billion light years from Earth .

Scientists have found the universe even more distant astrophysical objects, ie the earliest, such as a gamma-ray burst and an ancient galaxy located more than 13 billion light years, but the new quasar is hundreds of times brighter than. Among the objects are bright enough to be able to study the astronomers, quasars this is by far the longest.

The discovery, made after five years of investigations and appeared in the journal Nature, according to French news agency, Science and Scientific American, conducted by researchers led astrophysicists Stephen Warren and Daniel Mortlok of Imperial College London, the using the large telescope of the European Southern Observatory in Chile and an infrared telescope in Hawaii.

The discovery of quasars (codenamed ULAS J1120 +0641) helps to study the early universe. "It's a very rare object, which will help us to understand how supermassive black holes grew so much, just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang," said Warren.

The black hole quasar has a mass about two billion times that of our Sun and 500 times the black hole at the center of our galaxy, a huge size that is difficult to explain by existing theories. Both large black holes are supposed to need billions of years to be formed through gradual absorption of matter from their surroundings. Thus, the formation of such a large object in both early universe is an enigma and a theoretical challenge of first magnitude.

This quasar was created so-called "era of reionization," when the pervasive "veil" of the first electrically neutral hydrogen gas dissolved by the ultraviolet radiation emitted its first stars in the universe (hydrogen atoms stripped almost entirely by solar radiation, therefore be converted into ions).

The blinding glare of the quasar is formed, according to scientists, when the surrounding gas falls into the giant black hole is heated and then blown out in the form of radiation.